Why is all the wealth concentrated in the north and west, while the south has always had so little “cargo”?
In a nutshell, according to Jared Diamond, the “fertile crescent” had crops that were easily harvested and that kept well. The cereals of that region are very different from the tubers of New Guinea. Diamond also counted only 14 large animals that have been domesticated during our entire history. Only one of the 14 species existed outside Asia, the Middle East or Northern Africa.
The middle east, because of climate and luck, had a huge head start.
Now, the narrator continues to use the term “advantage” when describing the condition of possessing more stuff. It is here where I would like to see Diamond’s radical ideas further radicalized.
The question that got evaded is the process by which surplus grain was stored, organized and, most importantly, distributed.
When the middle east dried up 8,000 years ago (partially to overfarming), people spread out east and west, along the same lines of latitude, bringing the animals with them.
“A horse or an ox could transform the productivity of farmland. European farmers were able to grow more food to feed more people, who could then build bigger and more complex societies.”
But such statements throughout the thesis leaves out an important detail. How does excess grain in the granary lead to such excess? More productive farming answers why we have more stuff than the New Guineans. It does not explain why Cortez and Pizarro needed to commit genocide.